The energy security of the Czech Republic (CR) and the European Union (EU) has become a key strategic issue over the past decade, as highlighted by the recent energy crisis caused by dependence on energy imports from geopolitically unstable regions. The field of energy security is a complex and strategic issue influenced by numerous factors. Technological advances, digitalisation, electromobility, the development of AI, geopolitical upheavals and the drive for decarbonisation are all increasing the demand for a stable and secure electricity supply. The Czech Republic, with its limited renewable energy potential (RE) and historical dependence on coal, faces a fundamental decision on how to ensure stable, environmentally responsible, and sustainable electricity generation. The deployment of small modular reactors (SMR), which can supply electricity to the central grid while also supporting the decentralisation of power for critical infrastructure, appears to be an important and innovative solution. The publication was produced within the framework of the IGP CEVRO 2024 student internal grant programme and focuses on the potential of renewable energy sources within four critical infrastructure sectors: energy, rail transport, healthcare, and emergency services in the form of Integrated Rescue System (IRS) units. Through qualitative analysis, expert assessment, and a sector-focused approach, the specific energy requirements, vulnerabilities in the event of grid failure, and the potential for increasing energy resilience are analysed in each of these sectors. The publication also compares the strategic analysis of SMRs with alternative technologies (photovoltaics, battery storage, hydrogen, and battery trains) in terms of efficiency, cost, and reliability.