Přehled o publikaci

Evacuation simulation is a key tool in safety engineering, crisis management, and public space design. Increasing urban density, complex architecture, and new threats increase the need for scenario-based predictive models for evacuation planning beyond the norm. Advances in computational modeling, agent simulations, 3D visualization, and data integration have transformed evacuation models from simple calculations to complex sociotechnical systems. The article provides an overview of tools for evacuation simulation in risk analysis and public safety planning. It synthesizes the literature, technical documentation, and case studies with a focus on modeling approaches, validation, and practical applicability. It critically compares five platforms: Pathfinder, MassMotion, LEGION, buildingEXODUS, and FDS+Evac in terms of computational models, behavior, visualization, system integration, calibration, and typical applications. The article reviews approach to modeling evacuation, from agent models and cellular automata (CA) to hybrid socio-physical concepts and emerging technologies such as digital twins, AI and edge computing. It identifies limits in realistic behavior, empirical validation, standardization and interoperability. It articulates research gaps and directions towards more robust models, real-time data integration and wider institutional adoption. Evacuation simulation is mature but still evolving thanks to interdisciplinary collaboration and a stronger empirical foundation.