Radiation technologies using ionising radiation and radionuclides are now widely used in all areas of human activity. These include applications in medicine, industry, nuclear energy, and science. Exposure to ionising radiation therefore affects radiation workers employed at these sites, a large group of people who are in the vicinity of the sites in the course of their work, and people who live and work in the vicinity of the sites. However, the positive properties of ionising radiation and radionuclides that we use in practical applications can be accompanied by negative effects of ionising radiation from which we must protect ourselves with well-developed and effective radiation protection. However, the negative effects of ionising radiation, which can occur with uncontrolled exposure, are quite different from other pollutants that affect humans, such as noise, dust, light or heat fields, toxic substances, etc. varies considerably. For example, by the fact that humans have no sense to alert them that they are in a radiation field. This is a fact that greatly affects all radiation activities and all contact with ionizing radiation. This paper deals with the differences and specifics of irradiation. He gradually discusses them, looking for their mutual connections and links. It discusses their significance and seriousness. It also discusses their impact on radiation safety and the provision of effective and reliable radiation protection for radiation workers and the public. In view of the widespread use of radiation technologies, good knowledge and awareness of ionising radiation can contribute to working responsibly in radiation workplaces and to minimising the emergence of various rumours and untruths among the public.